I was
unaware that Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita
was supposedly inspired by a true crime.
In 1948 in Camden, New Jersey, 11-year-old Sally Horner stole a
notebook; the theft was an initiation into a girls’ club she wanted desperately
to join. She was spotted by Frank LaSalle,
a recently released convict whose rap sheet included statutory rape and
enticing a minor. He posed as an F.B.I.
agent who told her she would be arrested if she did not follow his
instructions. He convinced her she must
leave with him to Atlantic City. Thus
began her two-year long kidnapping and serial molestation.
In the
Author’s Note, T. Greenwood states her purpose in writing Rust & Stardust: “While
I drew heavily on Sally’s heartbreaking story, this novel is ultimately an
imagined rendering of the years that she spent on the road with her captor and
of the impact of her abduction on those she encountered along the way as well
as those she left behind.”
The
perspective of a number of people is given.
The focus is on Sally, Ella (Sally’s mother), Susan (Sally’s sister),
and Al (Susan’s husband), but the views of other minor characters, both real
and imagined, are also given. The one person
who is not given a voice is Frank.
The events
depicted occurred 60 years ago when the phrase “stranger danger” did not
exist. I understand that young girls
would have been much more innocent and naïve, but would they be as naïve as
Sally is for so long? Susan finds some
consolation in learning how Frank lured her sister; she feels better knowing
Sally must have been terrified: “Sally
wasn’t a fool, only a scared little girl.”
Though Sally is supposedly an intelligent girl with boundless curiosity
who excels in school, she believes Frank’s fabrications even as they become
more and more ludicrous?
Ella is an
even more problematic character. It is
difficult to have much sympathy for her.
Even in 1948, would a mother send her daughter on a vacation with a man she
meets for the first time when her daughter boards a bus with him? The man is supposedly the father of Sally’s
classmate with whom Sally will be vacationing in Atlantic City, but Ella has
never met this classmate either. Susan
questions her mother’s judgement: “She
tried to understand how it was that her mother had handed her own child off to this
criminal. She’d walked her to the bus
depot, delivered her to him like a gift.
She couldn’t understand how Ella had been so gullible, so stupid.” When Sally’s letters make no reference to her
classmate and only mention activities with the father, shouldn’t Ella start
questioning? Later, Ella even says, “’Sally. I forgive her for what she done with that
man.’” Her treatment of her daughter
once she returns is hard to understand.
Given how consequential her comments to her husband proved to be, one
would expect her to be better able to control her tongue. When Sally expresses a desire to visit the
woman responsible for her rescue, Ella says, “’Of course not . . . What’s the
matter with you, wantin’ to go back there? . . . You’d think you missed it
there. Living in squalor with that
monster. What’s the matter with you?’” Of course Ella suffered, but she is the adult
and should be more concerned about her daughter’s feelings than her own.
There are
issues with Frank’s behaviour. At one
point, he tells Sally, “’Your daddy killed himself rather than spend a minute
more in the house with you and your crippled mama.’” Frank would have known about the suicide of
Sally’s stepfather which had occurred years earlier? Ruth writes letters to Sally though she
suspects they never reach her, “Not if Frank got to them first. Every day that went by without a response,
she became convinced that he was confiscating them. Hiding them from her.” Undoubtedly Frank would have read those
letters, the content of which should have aroused his suspicions, so why would
he believe a later letter from Ruth in which she suggests he and her husband
have a job for him in California?
The book
has too much detail. Thankfully, the
scenes of rape are not graphically depicted, but the book is overly long. There is suspense at the beginning but a
pattern develops and the book drags:
Sally meets someone who suspects there is something wrong but is unable
or unwilling to help so her situation doesn’t change until she meets someone else
who could help her but misses the opportunity to assist, etc. Several of the fictional characters added (e.g.
Sister Mary Katherine and Lena and Doris) seem to have been added solely to
create suspense. Will this person
help? Then there’s the overly dramatic scene
where Frank jumps out of the shower just as Sally is trying to use a
phone. He can hear so clearly through a
closed door with the shower running and moves so quickly that she still has the
handset in her hand?
Since the
author’s purpose is to imagine the impact of Sally’s abduction, why does the
novel continue for so long afterwards?
Do we really need to know what happens to minor characters that are
figments of the author’s imagination?
And the references to luminous stars in each of the last five chapters
are heavy-handed symbolism.
This book
tells a heartbreaking story which is often a harrowing read. The content often left me feeling
uncomfortable. Though the author insists
“this is, in the end, a work of fiction,” I felt that in some ways Sally was
being exploited yet again. I am not in
favour of censorship, but I wonder why not use Lolita as inspiration and write a novel from the perspective of Dolores
Haze and those she encounters?
Note: I received a digital galley of this book from
the publisher via NetGalley.
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